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Javan Rhinoceros
Rhinoceros sondaicus
Every Javan rhino on Earth lives in a single national park on the tip of Java, within sight of an active volcano.
- Range
- Indonesia
- Region
- Asia
- Habitat
- Lowland rainforest of Ujung Kulon National Park, western Java — its only home
The story
Once ranging from India to Java, the Javan rhino now survives only in Ujung Kulon, where the entire species could be lost to one tsunami, eruption or poaching gang — a risk made real by poaching arrests in 2024. Plans to establish a second population elsewhere in Indonesia have become the species' most important insurance policy.
What's killing them
- Poaching (confirmed losses 2019–2023)
- Single-site risk: tsunami and volcanic eruption
- Invasive arenga palm choking food plants
Who's fighting for them
International Rhino FoundationInternational Rhino Foundation
WWFWorld Wide Fund for Nature
Save the RhinoSave the Rhino International
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Quick answers
How many Javan Rhinoceross are left in the world?
Approximately ~76. The Javan Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and their population trend is declining. Figures are estimates compiled from the IUCN Red List and conservation organisations.
Where does the Javan Rhinoceros live?
The Javan Rhinoceros is found in Indonesia (Asia). Their habitat: Lowland rainforest of Ujung Kulon National Park, western Java — its only home.
Why is the Javan Rhinoceros endangered?
The main threats to the Javan Rhinoceros are: Poaching (confirmed losses 2019–2023); Single-site risk: tsunami and volcanic eruption; Invasive arenga palm choking food plants.
Who is working to save the Javan Rhinoceros?
Organisations working on Javan Rhinoceros conservation include International Rhino Foundation; World Wide Fund for Nature; Save the Rhino International.